SS-31

SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide also known as elamipretide.

Research Library SS-31

SS-31

Longevity / BioregulatorMitochondrial / Energy

SS-31 – Research Profile and Vial Strengths

Research StatusClinical research Evidence LevelRandomized controlled trial Related Peptides6
RESEARCH PROFILE

Explore the compound

IdentityFormulationsResearchReferences

Quick Facts

Alternate NamesElamipretide (SS-31)
Molecular FormulaC32H49N9O5
Molecular Weight639.8 Da
Research ClassLongevity / Bioregulator, Mitochondrial / Energy
Research StatusClinical research
Evidence ClassificationRandomized controlled trial
Half-LifeNot established
Physical Formlyophilized

Mechanism of Action

SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide also known as elamipretide. Its mechanism is associated with cardiolipin binding, mitochondrial membrane support, and oxidative-stress research.

Mechanism of Action: is associated with cardiolipin binding, mitochondrial membrane support, and oxidative-stress research.

  • Supports mitochondrial energy-production and metabolic-signaling research pathways [1].
  • Commonly discussed for endurance, cellular energy, and metabolic-flexibility support based on mechanistic literature [1].
  • Associated with oxidative-stress and inflammation-related endpoints in biomedical research [1].
  • Official NIH-indexed databases provide the research trail for cellular metabolism and exercise-performance mechanisms [1][3].

Research Applications & Context

Community-reported protocol schedules.

Research Dosage Information

Reported research quantities and their source context. These are not recommendations, and source status varies.

Scroll the table horizontally to read every column. Select a row to inspect it in the calculator.

Community report 1 · Weeks 1-2: 5 mg Once daily. Weeks 1-2. Community report 1 · Weeks 3-8: 10 mg Once daily. Weeks 3-8. Community report 2 · Weeks 1-2: 5 mg Once daily. Weeks 1-2. Community report 2 · Weeks 3-4: 10 mg Once daily. Weeks 3-4. Community report 2 · Weeks 5-8: 15 mg Once daily. Weeks 5-8. Community report 2 · Optional Weeks 9-12: 20 mg Once daily. Optional Weeks 9-12. Community report 3 · Weeks 1-2: 5mg Once daily. Weeks 1-2. Community report 3 · Weeks 3-8: 10mg Once daily. Weeks 3-8. Community report 4 · Weeks 1-2: 5mg Once daily. Weeks 1-2. Community report 4 · Weeks 3-4: 10mg Once daily. Weeks 3-4. Community report 4 · Weeks 5-8: 15mg Once daily. Weeks 5-8. Community report 4 · Optional Weeks 9-12: 20mg Once daily. Optional Weeks 9-12.

Research dosage rows for SS-31
PhaseReported AmountFrequencyDraw UnitsCycleNotesCalculator
Community report 1 · Weeks 1-25 mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 1-2Community-reported protocol.
Community report 1 · Weeks 3-810 mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 3-8Community-reported protocol.
Community report 2 · Weeks 1-25 mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 1-2Community-reported protocol.
Community report 2 · Weeks 3-410 mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 3-4Community-reported protocol.
Community report 2 · Weeks 5-815 mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 5-8Community-reported protocol.
Community report 2 · Optional Weeks 9-1220 mgOnce dailySelect a vialOptional Weeks 9-12Community-reported protocol.
Community report 3 · Weeks 1-25mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 1-2Community-reported protocol.
Community report 3 · Weeks 3-810mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 3-8Community-reported protocol.
Community report 4 · Weeks 1-25mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 1-2Community-reported protocol.
Community report 4 · Weeks 3-410mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 3-4Community-reported protocol.
Community report 4 · Weeks 5-815mgOnce dailySelect a vialWeeks 5-8Community-reported protocol.
Community report 4 · Optional Weeks 9-1220mgOnce dailySelect a vialOptional Weeks 9-12Community-reported protocol.

Dosing Protocol & Schedule

Community-reported research schedules, not clinically validated protocols. Select a reported scenario and duration to calculate mathematical quantities.

PeriodResearch DoseFrequencyTotal InjectionsTotal amountVolume per entryU-100 equivalent

Strength changes affect volume and supplies, not the underlying community-reported quantities. Figures exceeding the selected syringe capacity are flagged; they are not instructions for splitting administrations.

Plan a Regimen Schedule

Save the selected research protocol to your private calendar. Scheduled entries never create Dose Logs.

Reconstitution Calculator

Select the vial strength you are examining. The reference chart displays examples, not recommended preparation volumes or validated protocols.

Reconstitution Calculation

Choose a compound to see the vial variants in the catalog.
Quantity in vial
Reconstitution AgentEnter the measured final solution volume. Actual reconstitution agent added may differ due to displacement.
Desired DoseMathematical research draw quantity; not a recommended dose.
Calculated equivalent
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Draw Amount (mg / mcg)
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Draws per vial
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Concentration
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Draw Volume
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Syringe Capacity
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Final Solution Volume
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Theoretical only. Confirm actual concentrations and measurement uncertainty.

U-100 volume reference—
Magnified graduation view

Magnified reading follows the calculated volume.

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Illustrative capacity-specific U-100 volume scale. Actual increments vary by instrument. Biological IU is a separate dimension.

Side-by-Side Research Comparison

Compare two independent configurations

Compare compatible research quantities, concentrations and U-100 volume equivalents. The values below are independent of the main calculator.

Configuration A

Enter values and compare.

Concentration
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Draw Volume
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U-100 equivalent
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Configuration B

Enter values and compare.

Concentration
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Draw Volume
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U-100 equivalent
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Mathematical comparison only, not a recommended dose or preferred configuration. Concentrations compare only when quantity dimensions are compatible.

Private calculation history

Private calculation history

Sign in to save research calculations to your private history.

Reconstitution Reference Chart

Hypothetical volume comparisons for the selected vial. No particular volume is endorsed, and vial capacity, solubility, excipients and product-specific instructions are not established by this table.

Example volumeCalculated concentrationCalculator
1 mL—
2 mL—
3 mL—
4 mL—
5 mL—

Choose a compatible dry vial to see reference concentrations.

Research-only mathematical comparisons; not instructions to compound, prepare, or administer peptides. Community-reported protocols are not clinically validated by inclusion here.

Supplies Needed — Estimate

Select a vial strength and an example reconstitution volume below. Counts use only the checked, computable rows above; they are not product-specific sterility, compatibility, or stability guidance.

Total Injections—
Minimum vials by mass—
Total Syringes—
Reconstitution agent—
10 mL reconstitution-agent bottles—
Alcohol Swabs (2 per entry)—
Total quantity—

Select a compatible vial and volume below to view quantities.

Educational and entertainment purposes only. Research use only; not for human or animal administration. Pad counts assume two per Total entry; syringe counts include additional containers where a single entry exceeds the selected syringe capacity. Vial totals assume full theoretical recovery and do not account for dead volume, spoilage, asepsis, expiration, potency, route, or beyond-use dating. These figures are not a recommended supplies list for an actual procedure.

Published References (0 identified)

A recorded identifier identifies a publication; it does not establish that its claims have been independently verified.

Research indexes & other source links

Searches, registries and unverified source records are discovery resources, not verified published studies.

  1. PubMed.gov biomedical literature: SS-31 View source ↗ PubMed index/search · Source link recorded; claim verification separate
  2. ClinicalTrials.gov study registry: SS-31 View source ↗ ClinicalTrials.gov registry/search · Source link recorded; claim verification separate
  3. NIH/NCBI all-databases search: SS-31 View source ↗ NCBI database/search · Source link recorded; claim verification separate
  4. PubChem / NIH compound record search: SS-31 View source ↗ PubChem database/search · Source link recorded; claim verification separate
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